Telecom Switches (PBX and Central Office)

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Application Notes

App Note 5389: Layout Considerations for High-Power Circuits
App Note 5329: Implementing Flawless Designs with Accurate I²C Real-Time Clocks
App Note 5320: Intelligent Lighting Controller Measures Ambient Light and Tracks Time
App Note 5223: Designing a Temperature-Based Heating System for an Automotive Engine Preheater
App Note 5150: Simple Wireless Temperature Monitor Also Has Data-Logging Capabilities
App Note 5043: Active-Clamped Forward, Dual-Output PD Provides High-Performance Solution for PoE Applications
App Note 5040: Voltage Monitoring in Complex Systems
App Note 4993: Reduce the Chances of Human Error: Part 2, Super Amps and Filters for Analog Interface
App Note 4992: Reduce the Chances of Human Error: Part 1, Power and Ground
App Note 4991: Oops...Practical ESD Protection vs. Foolhardy Placebos
App Note 4883: Oscilloscope Math Functions Aid Hot-Swap Circuit Analysis
App Note 4850: Microcontroller Controls Current-Loop AFE Protection
App Note 4721: The Quick Guide to Layout Considerations for the Lithium-Ion (Li+) Battery Simulator
App Note 4701: Introduction to Programmable Logic Controllers (PLCs) and the Operational Function of Main System Modules
App Note 4700: Introduction to Medical Instruments and Growing Trend for Point-of-Care and Near-Patient Testing
App Note 4699: Overview of Sensor Signal Paths
App Note 4698: Introduction to Dialysis Machines
App Note 4697: Overview of Industrial Motor Control Systems
App Note 4694: Introduction to Digital Stethoscopes and Electrical Component Selection Criteria
App Note 4691: Introduction to Hearing Aids and Important Design Considerations
App Note 4685: How Continuous Positive Airway Pressure (CPAP) Respiratory Ventilation Systems Function
App Note 4679: Thermal Management Handbook
App Note 4678: Advantages of Internet Protocol (IP) Cameras and H.264 Compression for Security and Surveillance Video
App Note 4677: Important Considerations for Infusion Pump and Portable Medical Designs
App Note 4671: Improve Sensor Performance and SNR in Pulse Oximeter Designs
App Note 4653: FAQs about Analog Switches
App Note 4613: A Proposed Framework for Measuring, Identifying, and Eliminating Clock and Data Jitter on High-Speed Serial Communication Links
App Note 4565: Ramp Generator Controls DC-DC Converters
App Note 4555: Circuit Guards Amplifier Outputs Against Overvoltage
App Note 4550: Automotive Protection Circuit "Rides Through" Supply-Voltage Interruptions and 72V Transients
App Note 4545: Flexible Overvoltage/Undervoltage Detector Monitors Negative and Positive Voltages
App Note 4542: Long Twisted Pair Reads Digital Temperature Sensor
App Note 4518: Circuit Transfers Resistance Value Through Isolation Barrier
App Note 4511: Adjustable Hysteresis in Microprocessor-Reset ICs
App Note 4480: Precision Constant-Current Sink Provides Wide, Close-to-the-Rail Compliance
App Note 4450: Getting Started with the MAX6651 Fan Controller
App Note 4432: Isolated Temperature Sensor
App Note 4427: Demonstrating Green Technology with Apples, Oranges, Lemons, and Limes
App Note 4413: Sequencing Circuit Provides Pseudo Voltage Tracker
App Note 4352: HFRD-39.0: 40Gbps, Quad-SFP Half-Active Copper Cable Assembly
App Note 4326: Reduce Standby Power Drains with Ultra-Low-Current, Pulse-Frequency-Modulated (PFM) DC-DC Converters
App Note 4322: Simplified Lithium-Ion (Li+) Battery-Charger Testing
App Note 4294: Differential Gain and Phase—Why Measure It, if You Cannot See It?
App Note 4247: Oscillator Design Considerations for Low-Current Applications
App Note 4245: Three Approaches to Creating Negative Low-Voltage Hot-Swap Circuits
App Note 4240: Active High-Voltage Transient Protectors Trump Conventional Approaches in Automotive Electronics
App Note 4233: Carrier Ethernet Service Demarcation in Optical Networks
App Note 4228: A Five-Channel (Three +V and Two -V) Hot-Swap Reference Design
App Note 4223: The evolution of the RS-232 transceiver
App Note 4210: High-Voltage Watchdog Timers Enhance Automotive System Safety
App Note 4139: HFRD-32.0: Quad-SFP Host Adapter
App Note 4138: HFRD-31.0: 20Gbps, Quad-SFP Active Copper Cable Assembly
App Note 4124: DS33X162 Product Family FAQ
App Note 4118: DS33R11 Multichip-Module BSDL Testing
App Note 4108: SPST Bipolar Power Switch Simplifies Power-Supply Testing
App Note 4094: HFRD-30.1: SFP+ Host Board
App Note 4081: Alternate Circuits for Overvoltage Protection: Tips and Tricks
App Note 4070: Transmitting I²S Audio Streams in Automotive Applications Using the MAX9205/MAX9206 LVDS SerDes
App Note 4059: DS33R41 Multichip-Module BSDL Testing
App Note 4033: Programmable Fan Controllers
App Note 4024: SPI/I²C Bus Lines Control Multiple Peripherals
App Note 3983: Designing Single-Switch, Resonant-Reset, Forward Converters
App Note 3968: How to Use the Bit-Error-Rate Tester (BERT) on the DS2652x STCs
App Note 3951: Power-Save Mode Reduces Power Consumption When Driving Relays
App Note 3939: DC-DC Controllers Use Average-Current-Mode Control for Infotainment Applications
App Note 388: Hitless Protection Switching with 1+1 Redundancy
App Note 3930: Package Thermal Resistance Values (Theta JA, Theta JC) for Temperature Sensors and 1-Wire Devices
App Note 3921: Using a DS1307 with a PIC Microcontroller
App Note 3918: User's Guide for the MAX6877 Power-Supply Tracker/Sequencer
App Note 3917: The MAX6876 Power-Supply Tracker/Sequencer User Guide
App Note 3912: Low-Cost, Complete Power Solution for Powered Devices Includes a 12V Buck Converter
App Note 3901: Synchronizing Multiple High-Speed Multiplexed DACs for Transmit Applications
App Note 3899: Frequency Calculator for the DS1086L
App Note 3896: HFTA-14.0 Design Challenges of GPON FEC Receivers
App Note 3883: Practical Considerations for Advanced Current Sensing in High-Reliability Systems
App Note 3872: Telecomm Supply Powers Temperature Sensor
App Note 3867: Shunt Regulator Improves PA's Current-Limit Accuracy
App Note 3864: The FET-OR Connection for Power Supplies
App Note 3849: Ethernet-over-PDH Technology Overview
App Note 3834: HFTA-13.0: Designing External Cabling for Low EMI Radiation
App Note 3827: Initialization and Configuration of the DS26528 Transceiver
App Note 3816: Selecting a Backup Source for Real-Time Clocks
App Note 3811: Simple Devices for Meeting Voltage Tracking Requirements
App Note 3766: HFTA-12.0: Measuring Crosstalk Penalty in High-Speed Bidirectional Serial Communication Modules
App Note 3763: Measuring and Improving Return Loss on the DS317x and DS318x T3/E3/STS-1 LIUs
App Note 3760: Interleaved Bus Operation
App Note 3756: High-IOUT LDO Regulator Has Excellent Transient Response
App Note 3741: Analog ICs for Low Voltage Systems
App Note 3718: DS26528 and DS26524 Transmit Pulse Control
App Note 3705: DS3112 LRCLKx Low Speed Clock Recovery Operation
App Note 3694: How to 'Center' a Down-Dithering EconOscillator
App Note 3693: Why Maxim Chose to Design the Single-Piece NV SRAM Modules
App Note 3686: DS2155 and DS26521 Software Comparison
App Note 3670: Measuring Return Loss Using the Advantest R3132 Spectrum Analyzer
App Note 3647: HFRD-10.4: 1244Mbps/1244Mbps GPON ONT with Video Overlay
App Note 3641: Migrating to the MAX6642 from Other Thermal Diode Temperature Sensors
App Note 3610: DS21458 Quad and DS26528 Octal Transceiver Software Comparison
App Note 3609: Clock-Rate-Adapter (CLAD) Features for DS325X, DS316X, DS317X, and DS318X
App Note 3604: JJ-20.11-Compatible Interface for the DS2155 and DS21455 SCTs
App Note 3582: Replacing Crystals and Ceramic Resonators with Silicon Oscillators
App Note 3572: FAQ About the Integrated-Crystal Package Option
App Note 3567: Monitoring and Sequencing Supply Voltages in High-Reliability Systems
App Note 3557: "Stitch" Your Way Out of Logic-Analyzer Memory Limitations
App Note 3556: Configuring Dallas Semiconductor LIUs Without a Microcontroller
App Note 3547: Measuring Return Loss on T3/E3/STS-1 LIUs
App Note 3539: A 50 Watt Internal Bus Architecture (IBA) Power Supply
App Note 3530: Circuit Converts PWM Fan Drive to Linear and Reduces Acoustic Noise
App Note 3512: Automotive Applications for Silicon Spread-Spectrum Oscillators
App Note 3510: Interfacing a DS1305 RTC with an 8051-Type Microcontroller
App Note 3507: IEEE 802.3af-Compliant Single-Port, Power-Sourcing-Equipment Application
App Note 3502: Effect of PC Board Trace Width on Remote-Diode Temperature-Sensor Accuracy
App Note 3496: HFRD-10.2: 622Mbps/1244Mbps GPON ONT
App Note 3495: Combine Multiple Data Files to Optimize INL/DNL Processing
App Note 3494: The Basics of Anti-Aliasing: Using Switched-Capacitor Filters
App Note 3493: System-Management IC Meets Monitoring and Sequencing Requirements in Multivoltage Systems
App Note 3491: Schematic and Layout Guidelines for High-Speed Data Converters
App Note 3488: EEPROM Programming Instructions for DS33Z11/DS33Z44
App Note 3457: IR-Link Temperature Sensor Allows Isolation of the Temp Sensor
App Note 3456: Programmable System-Management IC Monitors and Sequences Requirements in Complex, Multivoltage Systems
App Note 3455: HFTA-11.0: Spectral Content of NRZ Test Patterns
App Note 3451: HFRD-16.0: 1Gbps to 4.25Gbps Active Copper SFP Cable Assembly
App Note 3424: RS-232-Powered Temperature Sensor
App Note 3422: DS26502 Hardware Mode
App Note 3411: DS33Z11 - Ethernet LAN To Unframed T1/E1 WAN Bridge
App Note 3410: Guidelines for Laying Out T3 and E3 Network Interfaces
App Note 3387: HFRD-08.0: 10Gbps (4x2.5Gbps) Active Copper Cable Assembly
App Note 3363: New Ethernet Systems Distribute DC Power with Data
App Note 3361: Using the MAX6650 and MAX6651 Fan Speed Regulators with 24V and 48V Fans
App Note 3360: DS2155 and DS26502 Software Comparison
App Note 3357: DS2155 To DS21458 Migration
App Note 3351: T3/E3/STS-1 Low Cost Repeater
App Note 3349: T1/E1 Loopback Operation for Maxim T1/E1/J1 Transceivers
App Note 3345: Examples of DS31256 Applications
App Note 3344: DS31256 -- T3/E3 MUX/DS3112 Hardware Connections
App Note 3328: Minimize Short-Circuit Current Pulse in Hot-Swap Controller
App Note 3317: Adding Windows NT/2000/XP Support to the AN3315 Parallel-Port 2-Wire Software
App Note 3315: Writing Parallel-Port 2-Wire Software in C
App Note 3313: Interfacing a DS1390/DS1391 RTC with a Motorola DSP with SPI
App Note 3292: Crunching FFTs with Microsoft Excel
App Note 3288: IC Drives Up to Four Single-Coil Latching Relays
App Note 3263: Connecting the Agere Supermapper™ Device Family to Dallas T3 LIUs
App Note 3229: Selecting Temperature Sensors for System Measurement and Protection
App Note 3228: Improving Gain Flatness without Sacrificing Dynamic Performance in High-IF ADCs
App Note 3227: Power-On Reset and Related Supervisory Functions
App Note 3208: Elastic Store Operation
App Note 3193: MAX3983: Designing for 10Gbase-CX4 Transmitter Template Compliance with the MAX3983
App Note 3190: Coherent Sampling Calculator (CSC)
App Note 3178: Extended-Range Temperature-Sensing ICs
App Note 3173: Automatic Fan Control Techniques: Trends in Cooling High-Speed Chips
App Note 3149: Circuit Converts PWM to Amplified and Buffered Linear Signal
App Note 3131: Connecting the Agere Ultramapper Device Family to Dallas T3/E3 LIUs
App Note 3121: Selecting a T1/E1/J1 Single-Chip Transceiver
App Note 3111: Interfacing the DS3144 Framer with the DS3154 LIU
App Note 3062: Dynamic Performance Requirements for High-Performance ADCs and RF Components in Digital Receiver Applications
App Note 2931: HFTA-09.0: T3/E3/STS-1 Fiber Optic Extension
App Note 2913: Hot-Swap Controllers Improve Power-Supply Sequencing
App Note 2884: Secondary-Side Transformer Termination Improves Gain Flatness in High-Speed ADCs
App Note 2877: Modifying the pulse shape of DS315x using Test Registers
App Note 2863: The Effects of Adjusting the DS1086L's Dither Span and Dither Frequency on EMC Measurements
App Note 2857: T1/E1/J1, N+1 Redundancy with Analog Switches
App Note 2853: Supervisors in Multivoltage Systems
App Note 2833: Interfacing an SPI RTC with a Motorola DSP
App Note 2765: Flexible Fault Protection
App Note 2736: Understanding, Using, and Selecting Hot-Swap Controllers
App Note 2731: DS2155, DS21Q55, DS2156 Programming SLC-96
App Note 2722: Interfacing the DS2156 Utopia II Bus to Maxim Demo Kits
App Note 2713: Switching Frame Mode In Live T1 Systems
App Note 2706: Bit Error Rate Testing the DS314x Series of DS3/E3 Framers
App Note 2704: MAX3983: Equalize 10Gbase-CX4 and Copper InfiniBand Links with the MAX3983
App Note 2696: Redundancy Protection for T3/E3/STS-1 Networks
App Note 2400: A Compact 36-72V DC Input, 3.3V/10A Output Power Supply
App Note 2391: Dual Voltage Tracking Circuit for I/O, Microprocessor, and DSP Core Voltages
App Note 2378: Handy Circuit Gives Systems Flexible Fault Protection
App Note 2361: Interfacing an SPI-Interface RTC with a PIC Microcontroller
App Note 2160: Using the MAX8515 Shunt Regulator In Output Overvoltage Sensing Applications for DC-DC Converters
App Note 2158: Advantages of IC-Based Hot-Swap Circuit Protection
App Note 2154: Microcontroller Clock—Crystal, Resonator, RC Oscillator, or Silicon Oscillator?
App Note 2141: Determining Clock Accuracy Requirements for UART Communications
App Note 407: DS2148/DS21348 Hardware Mode
App Note 406: DS21Qx5y BSDL Scan Chain Mapping
App Note 403: DS2155 and DS26401 Software Comparison
App Note 405: Power-Fault Protection Layout
App Note 404: Modifying the E3 Template Compliance of the DS3150, DS315x and DS325x
App Note 2043: A Compact, Isolated Power Supply, 48V to 3.3V at 7A
App Note 2040: 50W Current-Mode Forward Converter Design with the MAX8540
App Note 2039: 50W Voltage-Mode Forward Converter Design with the MAX8541
App Note 2023: LVDS Serializer-Deserializer Performance over Twisted Pair Cable
App Note 1995: Using Spread Spectrum Oscillators to Reduce Radiated Emissions in Consumer Products
App Note 1993: MAX3872: Choosing an Optimal Filter Capacitor for the MAX3872 Multi-Rate CDR
App Note 402: Additional Pulse Amplitude Settings for DS2148, DS21348, DS21Q48, DS21Q348 and DS21448
App Note 1926: Watchdogs Improve System Reliability—How to Choose the Right Part
App Note 400: DS2155 Monitor Mode Design
App Note 401: Extended System Information Bus (ESIB) Control Application
App Note 1916: An Introduction to Jitter in Communications Systems
App Note 398: T3/E3/STS-1 LIU Secondary Surge Protection Design
App Note 1881: -48V Hot Swap Solution For Telecom Line Cards Assures Immunity To Input Voltage Transients
App Note 1873: Using a 4–20mA Loop-Powered Temperature Sensor
App Note 1856: Signal Integrity vs. Transmission Rate and Cable Length for LVDS Serializers
App Note 232: Using the DS1086 as a Microcontroller Clock to Reduce EMI
App Note 1837: One-Shot Timing Improves Microprocessor Reset Circuit
App Note 1819: Selecting the Optimum Test Tones and Test Equipment for Successful High-Speed ADC Sinewave Testing
App Note 1814: Speed Control for Isolated -48V Fans
App Note 396: Design Migration from DS21Q55 to DS21Q50 or DS21Q59
App Note 397: Pulse Template Measurement
App Note 1801: Network Interface and Circuit Designs for Secondary Protection of the DS2155 Single-Chip Transceiver
App Note 1797: Measuring Telecom Systems Against a Pulse Mask Template
App Note 1789: A Cheap, Tiny LDO Provides up to 2A Output Current
App Note 1788: HFAN-06.2: IBIS Data for CML, PECL, and LVDS Interface Circuits
App Note 390: DS31256 and T1/E1 Interface
App Note 1754: Portable Temperature Monitoring Demystified
App Note 1752: Applying HSTL Signals to PECL Input Devices
App Note 1738: HFAN-09.0.4: NRZ Bandwidth - LF Cutoff and Baseline Wander
App Note 395: DS21Q59 vs. DS21Q50 Quad E1 Transceivers
App Note 220: Decoupling Requirements for the DS1077/DS1085 EconOscillators
App Note 394: HDLC Configuration of Framers and Transceivers
App Note 393: E1 Operation of Dallas Semiconductor Framers and SCTs
App Note 218: DS1086 Frequency Calculator and Frequency Calculation Algorithm
App Note 1195: Maximize Battery Life and Minimize Replacements
App Note 215: 2-Wire Communication Using LabVIEW
App Note 391: NRZ Applications
App Note 389: DS2155 Internal BERT Programming
App Note 1154: Vacuum-Fluorescent-Display (VFD) Tube Manufacturers' Web Sites
App Note 1136: Switching Between Battery and External Power Sources
App Note 1133: Multiple Voltage Systems Need Supply-Voltage Sequencing
App Note 1130: Phase-Lock Loop Applications Using the MAX9382
App Note 1125: Circuit Generates Analog Fan-Speed Control
App Note 1102: HFAN-09.0.3: APON Class A, B, & C Physical Layer Requirements
App Note 387: Using DS2148/DS21348 as Repeater
App Note 200: A Programmatic Approach to Calculating DS1085 Programmable-Oscillator Register Values
App Note 1075: Simplify Isolated Temperature Sensing With Single Wire Sensors
App Note 1062: Designing Compact Telecom Power Supplies
App Note 1058: LVDS Enables High-Speed Signal Distribution in 3G Base Stations
App Note 1057: Compensating for Ideality Factor and Series Resistance Differences between Thermal-Sense Diodes
App Note 1043: Single Supply Sequencer Sequences Negative Voltages
App Note 1040: Coherent Sampling vs. Window Sampling
App Note 505: Lithium Coin-Cell Batteries: Predicting an Application Lifetime
App Note 182: Frequency Calculator for the DS1085/DS1085L EconOscillator
App Note 384: T1/E1/J1 Dual Connector Interface
App Note 985: HFAN-09.0.2: Optical Signal-to-Noise Ratio and the Q-Factor in Fiber-Optic Communications Systems
App Note 382: J1 Japanese Standards
App Note 967: How to Minimize Power Dissipation in Li+ Linear Chargers
App Note 376: Simple, Low-Cost, 4-Port E1 Design Using DS21Q50
App Note 504: Design Considerations for Maxim Real-Time Clocks
App Note 701: Using the DS32kHz with Dallas Real-Time Clocks
App Note 307: DS2152, DS2154, DS2151, DS2153, DS21X5Y and DS2155 Three Channel Drop and Insert
App Note 370: Using RCLK in a BITS/SSU Application
App Note 381: Interfacing the DS2155 to the MPC8260
App Note 941: Protect a System from Overheating by Monitoring Board, CPU, and Air Temperatures with a Single Circuit
App Note 379: Conversion Between T1 and E1
App Note 896: Fan Control Advances: Consider Fan-Speed Regulation
App Note 872: LVDS Splitter Simplifies High-Speed Signal Distribution
App Note 375: Interfacing User Devices and the DST1E1DK SCT Design Kit
App Note 274: HFAN-02.0: Interfacing Maxim Laser Drivers with Laser Diodes
App Note 873: High-Speed Signal Distribution Using Low-Voltage Differential Signaling (LVDS)
App Note 378: DS3112 Clock Rates and Frequency Tolerances of the Transmit Clock
App Note 374: DS2155 vs. DS21x5y: Software and Hardware Considerations
App Note 336: Transparent Operation on T1, E1 Framers and Transceivers
App Note 324: T1/E1 Network Interface Design
App Note 809: Rev Up Your Fan-Speed Control Designs
App Note 334: DS2172 BERT Interface to all Dallas Framers and Transceivers
App Note 325: DS2151, DS2152, DS2153, DS2154 Dallas Single Chip Transceiver Crystal Selection Guide
App Note 310: D4 Framing and Signaling
App Note 351: T1/E1 and T3/E3 Transformer Selection Guide
App Note 342: T1/E1 Framer Initialization and Programming
App Note 590: Maxim® Telecommunications Frequently Asked Questions
App Note 360: DS21352/DS21552 versus DS2152 Single Chip Transceiver
App Note 361: DS21354/DS21554 vs. DS2154 Single Chip Transceivers
App Note 589: CPU Supervisors: Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)
App Note 337: DS2151 Implementation of ANSI T1.231-1993
App Note 341: DS2151, DS2153 Device Identification
App Note 1858: Tiny IC Debounces Pushbutton Switch
App Note 596: HFAN-02.2.0: Extinction Ratio and Power Penalty
App Note 345: DS21352/552, DS2151, DS2152, DS2141A, DS21Q42 Programming SLC-96
App Note 301: Legacy T1/E1 8MHz Backplane Operation
App Note 502: Interfacing SPI Real-Time Clocks (RTCs) with a Microcontroller
App Note 340: DS2153 Programming, ETS 300-011 Remote Alarm Generation
App Note 461: Programming and Controlling the FDL on DS2141A, DS2151
App Note 362: Replacing the TDK 78P7200/2241 with the DS3150 Line Interface Unit
App Note 333: DS2172 Pattern Synchronization
App Note 319: DS2152, DS2154, DS21x5Y, and DS2155 Interfacing to the MC68360 (QUICC32)
App Note 332: DS2172 Simplified Receiver Operation
App Note 309: Interfacing to the Fractional T1 and E1
App Note 561: Tech Brief 7: DS2152 and DS2154 8MHz System Clock Operation
App Note 571: Using Analog Temperature Sensors with ADCs
App Note 356: DS21Q44 vs. DS21Q43A
App Note 58: Crystal Considerations with Maxim Real-Time Clocks (RTCs)
App Note 355: DS21Q4x, DS215x, and DS21x5y Test Registers
App Note 357: DS21Q42 vs. DS21Q41B
App Note 95: Interfacing the DS1307 with an 8051-Compatible Microcontroller
App Note 82: Using the Dallas Tricklecharge Timekeeper
App Note 739: Design Considerations for Data-Lump Cables
App Note 1785: Flexible Hot-Swap Current Limiter Allows Thermal Protection
App Note 1784: Fan Speed Control Is Cool!
App Note 694: Temperature Sensor ICs Simplify Designs
App Note 819: Isolated Power Supply Is Suitable For Telecom/Datacom Applications
App Note 836: Selecting and using RS-232 Interface Parts for Your Power Supply Voltages
App Note 720: Keep the Product Working—Microprocessor Supervisors Offer Big Insurance in Small Packages
App Note 462: HFAN-04.0.2: Converting between RMS and Peak-to-Peak Jitter at a Specified BER
App Note 481: Simple Circuit Activates Fan when Processor Heats Up
App Note 487: MAX6652 System Monitor Combines Voltage Monitoring with Temperature Sensing
App Note 639: Maxim Leads the Way in ESD Protection
App Note 685: How to Simplify the Interface between Microcontroller and Temperature Sensor
App Note 687: Distributed Temperature Sensing Improves Reliability
App Note 680: How to Design Battery Charger Applications that Require External Microcontrollers and Related System-Level Issues
App Note 651: ESD Protection for I/O Ports
App Note 655: Supervisor ICs Monitor Battery-Powered Equipment